Last night my mind was occupied by Mothers on the Fast Track: How a New Generation Can Balance Family and Careers written by a mother-daughter team -- Mary Ann Mason, Graduate Dean of UC Berkeley, and her freelancing daughter Eve Mason Ekman.
In many ways, the Masons are the perfect duo to write the book as the elder Mason is a pioneering feminist who became the first Graduate Dean at the university. Eve is like so many women of my generation who put a premium on family often at the expense of a “fast track” career.
The mother-daughter writing team studied and profiled women who were on their way to become attorneys, doctors, company executives, scientists and tenured professors. But somewhere along the way the women were sidetracked to stay home with children and forever linger in a “second tier” job -- and never make it to the fast track again.
The elder Mason blamed this on an increasingly hostile workforce very different from even the fast track jobs she held during her child-rearing years, in which she was home by 6:30 p.m. for dinner. She admitted that with the advent of pagers, cell phones and e-mails, workers today are always “on call.” The 40-hour work week is more like 60 hours of work.
But the most controversial part of the book, which reminded me of Judith Warner’s Perfect Madness, is when she blames the new “Momism” of Eve’s generation, or what Warner describes as “attachment parenting:”
The demands of the workplace have increased, but the demands of motherhood have exploded. Children now require constant attention. In the 1970s, kids were still allowed to play outdoors by themselves; the national milk carton campaign alerting parents to the terrors of child abduction had not yet panicked the nation. Caitlin Flanagan, in her memoir of her mother returning to work, To Hell with All That, describes a 1970s childhood that did not require continuous adult supervision: “By the time I was five, I was allowed to wander away from the house so long as I didn’t cross any big streets; I had the run of the neighborhood at six. So the idea that I would be home alone in the afternoons at the age of twelve was not a radical or an overly worrisome one for my mother.”
This style of parenting did not elicit social censure as it sometimes does today: “Such an arrangement was not then seen as a shocking dereliction of duty: a nine-year-old could be trusted with a key; a nine-year-old knew how to work a telephone if anything went wrong.”
Children were not yet fully booked with after-school and weekend activities that require a full-time manager and chauffeur. Homework did not begin in preschool or require hours of parental involvement each night…
The requirements of the new momism have escalated in other ways as well. Ironically, as women have moved into the workplace, breast-feeding has become not just popular but a requirement of good motherhood. My mother’s generation of stay-at-home moms didn’t breast-feed; formula was considered the healthier, modern choice, and in its own way, a form of quiet liberation. My mother could leave me with her mother while she joined her soldier husband, my father, on furlough from war duty, for a romantic weekend. She was not physically bound to my feeding schedule.