Mother Talkers

Generational wealth and poverty

Fri Apr 25, 2008 at 10:34:24 PM PDT

I am an avid reader of People magazine.  I'm not proud, but I'm not about to quit, either, so I might as well own it.

Now that babies and their new mothers are all the rage, almost every other issue has a picture of a newborn.  The accompanying article always has a blurb about the expensive gifts this child has received.  It always gets my dander up; there are people in this world in real need.  Why would anyone spend so much money to buy a baby a ridiculously expensive item that its parents could have easily afforded?

The truth is, though, when I look at my children's clothes and toys, most were gifts.  And, while I couldn't have afforded the quantity of what they have on my own, I don't think there's a single item that I couldn't have footed the bill for.  While none of our things say bugaboo or [expensive baby clothes designer], I have no problem making my children look comfortable, clean and sassy.  I can afford it, and, perhaps more telling, so can most of the people I know.  Also, while I don't like to admit it, I understand how quickly something that once seemed like a luxury can grow to feel like an absolute necessity.

At Christmas time, I was looking on Craigslist for something and saw a request from a pregnant woman who was expecting a son in March and had nothing.  To me this is unimaginable.  I didn't buy a lot during either of my pregnancies, but people bought a lot of things for me.  I had what I needed.  I couldn't imagine having a baby without that kind of support.  

I called this girl up and spoke with her.  She didn't have transportation and lived far enough away that it would be an ordeal.  I promised I would get in touch with her before her baby was born so we could work something out.  However, though I feel guilty about it, I never did.  Her reluctance to meet me at a mutually convenient public location made me nervous.  I started imagining a meth addict boyfriend who would steal my identity, or a woman looking to lure my newborn and me to her apartment so she could kill me and steal him.  

I told a friend about this, and she knew of a 17-year-old girl pregnant with her second child.  This girl was very stressed that she was having a boy.  Not for any of the luxurious angst I felt when I learned I was pregnant with a son, but for practical reasons.  Her first baby was a girl and she didn't have any boy clothes, nor could she count on friends or family giving them to her.  I'm happy to have a son older than hers so that I can give her things for the forseeable future.  My friend is happy, too, because she wants to be able to buy this girl things and tell her that they're hand-me-downs from me, because did I tell you that my friend is fabulous?

This gets me thinking about generational class.  This 17-year-old mother of two is very smart.  She is where she is because of the culture in which she was raised.  She does what she does because that's the life script she was given.  I'm not so different.  I was raised middle class, and it shows.  Forgive the shoddy link, but if you look to left, you'll notice the could you survive quiz.  A more extensive version of this quiz is difficult to find, but those sample items are pretty reflective of the whole thing.  Elsewhere I have seen the differences between what each class values in food.  The wealthy?  Presentation.  The middle class?  Quality.  The poor?  Quantity.  

I once saw a financial planner who worked primarily with the very wealthy.  She explained to me that she could tell by looking at me that I had ideas about money (too much is bad) that would prevent me from ever having enough.  This woman had started out as a social worker, but had three babies die the first year she was working.  Not because of abuse, but because of poverty.  She decided that she would do better to eradicate poverty, and works to do so.  She works with wealthy clients, some of whom share her own values.  In order to break me of my prejudice against the wealthy, she told me about a woman who was a millionaire living off of inherited wealth who worked in social services.  Her wealth allowed her to ruffle a lot of feathers at work, where no one knew that she didn't need her paycheck.  

I did some research and found responsible wealth.  I continue to work on knocking down what the financial planner consider a cosmic block that was holding me back.  Occasionally perusing responsible wealth helps.

In my early and mid 20's, I worked for Head Start and made very little money.  But I knew that there was a cultural difference between many of the people I saw every day and myself.  At 24, I was just starting out.  I knew that I would probably not live my entire life in poverty.  In my world, 24 was young.  In the world of the young mother I mentioned earlier, she will have a ten-year-old at that age.  I know full well that some people are able to escape this path, but I also know that that doesn't happen to as many as I would like to think.

What about you?  Does your cultural identity match your income?  What kind of judgments and preconceived notions do you hold?  How difficult do you think it is for people to break out of what they have been taught?

Tags: wealth, poverty, culture (all tags)

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  • So much (0 / 0)

    There's so much here to think about that I don't know where to start.  I'm nearly 40, and we still borrow money from a set of parents every year or two just to get by when something major happens, although we've always been able to pay them back.  No, we don't have much savings, which is the problem, but there you go.

    We fall completely into the generalization that we are the first generation that might not do as well as our parents.  It used to be 50 years ago that older people were the poor.  They were living in smaller houses, driving 10-year-old cars, economizing because they'd scrimped to raise their children.  Those children were buying beautiful houses in the suburbs and new cars. Now the over-50 crowd has the wealth; they are buying the fancy cars and luxury homes.  Their nearly-middle-aged children with kids are the ones still struggling.

    Because I married later and started my family considerably later, we're in the scrimping crunch that people used to experience in their 20s.  Not that I had tons of money in my 20s either.  A liberal arts degree did not afford me a well-paying job.  I had roommates from the moment I left college until I moved in with DH.  So at nearly 40, I'm still waiting for that moment that I look around and think, "OK, we're comfortable now."  Maybe it's lucky I come from an immigrant background; I don't have a lot of wealth in my family so I can't feel like I've backtracked too much.  The fact that I know English well enough to actually teach it, when my grandparents barely spoke it, give me a measure of satisfaction and accomplishment, because I know they were proud of that in a grandchild.

    • I realized, just recently really, (0 / 0)

      that in some ways, I finally feel like I don't have to wait for the other shoe to drop.  That might just be because my kids are all either grown up or will be so soon.  Maybe what I'm feeling is just a bit of easing of that burden.  

      I think we've done as well as our parents, but somewhere, somehow, "doing as well" doesn't get us as much, if that makes sense.

    • That gets into (0 / 0)

      what I left out of this, because it seemed like there was already too much going on.  People like you or me who are well educated but still don't make any money.  Another sub-culture, I think.  I think of us as the "pie in the sky" crowd, convinced by management that if we do good, it's better then making money.  Why can't we do both?  Seriously?

      You say it so well, I'm waiting for the time we can say "we're comfortable now."  It seems like we have so little after bills, and mortgage, but I wonder if we're trained to never stop wanting more?  It really worries me; I don't like feeling like this.

      And yes, I agree, it's a different generation because many of us are not doing well as our parents.  The average income hasn't risen anywhere near as quickly as inflation.  Not at all.  And I don't have to tell you how much worse it's gotten in just the last few months.  It's scary.

      • I think its about (0 / 0)

        not feeling validated as much as the money itself.  And really, isn't that what we, as women, have been saying for a long time?  Things that we do are not viewed as being as significant...and not being compensated in a way that demonstrates what we feel should be proper respect.

  • It is extremely difficult. (0 / 0)

    A few years ago, our local newspaper ran an article that listed the average household wage in our area.  Our's was quite a bit  more than double the average.  This was a shocking thought.  We are not wealthy.  No one would call our lifestyle luxurious.  I suppose there are, however, certain things we take for granted.  I found myself wondering, over and over, how families were even beginning to live on that amount.  

    And then there's the whole "cultural identity" thing.  I'm not sure it even has that much to do with actual income.  Rather, I think its more about how you lead your life.  There are people who are very successful that don't necessarily have incomes to match...however, they know how to take what they have and use it to its fullest advantage.  That is a trait I think we get from our background.  Its why people like me have to remind themselves that not everyone "knows" the things that I know.  My "conventional wisdom" is not their's.  I don't have to stop and think about what might be the best path to take in some situations, I just know it...others, who weren't brought up in as stable circumstances, really have to think about these things everyday.  

  • I agree with cynmill (0 / 0)

    Erin, you've put a lot into this very thoughtful diary.  I might come back and comment later.  

    At the moment I'm trying to process the information we got from our financial advisor that if we have $750,000 saved for retirement, we'll be living off the princely sum of $35,000 a year.  That doesn't go too far when mortgage + property tax = $21,000.

    That's not our whole story.  I'll be working for a long time, Inshallah, and I will have a modest pension.  But DH is older than me, and is thinking hard about retirement.  He's kind of sick of working and the thought of 5 more years makes his head hurt.  But it looks like he'll be working longer than that.  He has always figured he would find some fun, lower-paying work to do during retirement, but now he's thinking he may need to stay in his higher-paying position longer, even though it's wearing.  I suppose that's a form of luxury right there -- the option of stepping down.

    How do families save this kind of money? And if you are working towards squirreling away this kind of cash-money, how do families qualify for financial aid for college?

    P.S. Erin, I'm glad you followed your instincts on the Craigslist sitch, and I'm so glad you found someone to give Milo's things to who really needed them.  That's wonderful.

    • You don't qualify (0 / 0)

      for financial aid.  And my poor husband has reconciled  himself to the idea that he'll work until he's well into his 60's.  Even still, we put every penny we can into a retirement account.  We have other money in a state pension account which we're considering pulling out and investing elsewhere.  And sadly, if there's anything left over from our parents, guess where it's going?  

      The worst of this is that my kids are having to take out loans for college, even though we're helping as much as we can.  And honestly, this makes you feel about as low as a parent as you can imagine.  

      • And I'll add the really weird twist (0 / 0)

        that we realized not long ago...if my husband died ten years from now, I might actually be in better financial  shape than if he lives due to life insurance policies.    How crazy is that?  

      • I was talking to DH (0 / 0)

        after I posted and he assured me that our tax person has a plan to make sure we are eligible for financial aid.  I guess we'll see in 4 years.  And meanwhile I'll keep subtly working on DS to do community college for 2 years before transferring to a more-expensive U.  Right now he has his eyes on NYU and I really don't want him starting out with that kind of debt.  Our college savings is not quite up to 4 years of that tuition :)

        • My kids have done (0 / 0)

          community college for two years.  It really is a very viable option that many, if not most, middleclass families are using here in my neck of the woods.  Ofcourse, tuition at state universities here runs close to $10,000/yr, so the savings are immense.  

          I keep hearing people talk about getting financial aid at higher income levels.  Wish someone would let us in on the secret.  A lot, ofcourse, depends on the college or university and the policies they use in divvying up the pie.  They just keep throwing back at us these ridiculous amounts that we are supposed to be responsible for contributing.  At the community college level, my kids were offered subsidized federal loans...at both universities that they've submitted to, they don't even get that!

          • I don't know the secret (0 / 0)

            but apparently Mick The Tax Guy does.  If he lets me in on it, I'll pass it on.

            I did community college for a year while I was finishing high school, and I loved it. Teachers who loved teaching, small classes.  And I finished U (and got a "real" job) in 3 years as a result of credits I'd earned at CC.

            I've taken CC classes since then and have rarely been disappointed.  And I was able to easily just drop a course that didn't appeal.  They are a great resource for lifelong learning.  And here it's only $20 a unit.  I got a summer school brochure for DS yesterday and they want $260 for a one-quarter high school class, and I would say that's on the lower end of prices for our area.  We could get 3 CC classes for that amount.

            • I'm taking ceramics at the CC (0 / 0)

              It's a world class lab - really fabulous.

              That said, I think there's a lot to be said for learning to live on your own in a dorm/college town situation, where you're on your own but a lot of people are looking out for you, and you get to meet a lot of fellow students.

              It shouldn't cost so much to be able to do that, though!

          • Get this (0 / 0)

            My son has lived on his own, in another city, supporting himself for 4 years.  I haven't been able to claim him as a dependant for tax purposes for those same 4 years (even when I helped him money-wise in the early days if being on his own). For financial aid purposes, he's considered dependant (because he's under 24).  He will basically qualify for nothing because of our household income (He only made about 10K last year - he should be entitled to all sorts of assistance).

            • that's what I don't get (0 / 0)

              How can they assume the students are getting help?

            • This happened to me... (0 / 0)

              I hadn't lived with my parents for two years. I was completely independent. But when it came to financial aid, my step dad's income went on the application. And despite the fact that I had never even lived in the same house as him, and he had never provided for me in anyway...there went the financial aid! I tried to declare myself emancipated...it didn't work, but I can't remember why...it may have been that the time frame wasn't long enough. Maybe you should look into that?

              • It's crazy - (0 / 0)

                The US Dept of Ed doesn't recognize emancipation, at all. About the only way to keep your parents out of it (until the academic year you turn 24) is if they are dead, you are a ward of the court, you are in the armed forces or you are married.  

                • Even then, if you work (0 / 0)

                  enough to pay your own expenses, you're likely to greatly diminish the amount of aid you get.  I posted below about such a case.

                • Sometimes the university financial aid dept (0 / 0)

                  is funded well enough to be able to work around those things. I had a couple of friends who got funded that way. One was cut off financially by her parents because they were upset with her. The other lost touch with his parents, and they didn't return the financial aid forms(!).

            • One of my sons' friends graduated (0 / 0)

              from high school last year.  The kid is literally an orphan.  Until graduating, he received a small pension as his father was retired from the military.  He would have enlisted upon graduation, but was turned down due to a heart defect.  He started college in the fall.  At the time, he wasn't working.  He lived off campus and had to come up with room and board.  He took a job at McDonalds to cover his living expense and he lost his financial aid over this.  Working 30 hours a week at McDonalds evidently was too higher earnings for a student.

        • Having just completed (0 / 0)

          the FAFSA application for my son, money in 401K/IRA's and other pension accounts are not reported on the application or considered for financial aid (money withdrawn from them are however).  

    • Here's the generational difference (0 / 0)

      At the moment I'm trying to process the information we got from our financial advisor that if we have $750,000 saved for retirement, we'll be living off the princely sum of $35,000 a year.  That doesn't go too far when mortgage + property tax = $21,000.

      In our parents' day, the goal was to have the house paid off before retirement.  As long as you bought a house before age 35 you were set.  There was no idea of needing more space - you moved up later if you could afford a 15 year mortgage, otherwise you stayed.  We didn't know it was a hardship to have 6 people in a 1000 sq ft house with one bathroom, we just thought it was HEY! C'MON OUT ALREADY! WHADDYA FALL IN OR SOMETHING, YOU NEED ME TO COME PULL YOU OUT? CUZ ONE MORE MINUTE AND YOU'RE GONNA BE CLEANING THE HALL CARPET!  (Is it any surprise I feel blessed with my 2000 sq ft and 2.5 bathrooms?)

      The term "second mortgage" was once code for severe financial hardship; most of our parents entered retirement with paid off homes and social security checks.  How many people hold mortgage burning parties today?  How many are debt free at retirement?

      • I'm not sure it's entirely generational (0 / 0)

        There are economic factors at work as well that don't reflect personal values such as thrift.

        My parents' first house cost $16,000 in the 50s.  Their second house, purchased in the 70s, was $34,000.  That was the 4-bedroom, 3-bath place.  No matter how you slice it, houses were a lot more expensive relative to incomes by the time we bought ours 18 years ago, in what is arguably a less-desirable location (much further from the ocean - an hour vs 10 minutes).  It's bigger than the house my parents started in, considering they had 3 kids and we have one, but it's nowhere near as big as their second one.  

        My parents both have big ol' pensions and employer-sponsored healthcare.  Our generation is being asked to "do it all" on our own -- college, buying a house, healthcare, retirement, and college for our kids, without the nice employer benefits many older folks are able to rely on.  And my elderly MIL, who never worked, needs a hand from us as well.

        • Fixed pensions! (0 / 0)

          We would have been set if my husband would have stayed a state employee.  Its great if you stay around until retirement age.  However, if that doesn't work, it just ends up reducing your social security benefits.

          But yeah...what I wouldn't give to know that we could retire and count on a fixed pension, social security, and paid healthcare benefits like our parents had.

        • I agree with this (0 / 0)

          There are certainly other factors.  In our parents' day the lower end of middle class could achieve a measure of financial security through homeownership and careful savings.  These days it's harder to get on the lower rung of the ladder.  The stagnation of hourly wages combined with the housing-as-investment mindset and housing bubble has make homeownership a bigger strain and a larger expense.  Pensions are disappearing.  And healthcare is an increasing burden.  Let's face it, we can all be bankrupted by an unexpected illness, even if we're insured and financially in good shape.

          But the average new home these days is 2400 sq ft!  That's double where our parents started out, and also comes with higher utilities, furniture costs, taxes, etc.  When I was a kid everybody had a clothesline until they saved up for a dryer, usually after years of homeownership (my mom hung cloth diapers for 4 children outdoors all through the New England winters - yikes!).  Now many neighborhoods have HOAs that ban clotheslines; the dryer is a necessity.  And of course there's all those other things our parents weren't paying for:  microwaves, cellphones, 2 cars, cable subscriptions, computers, multiple TVs, yada yada yada.  Most of the "stuff" we buy has been disproportionately cheap for the past few decades, but as the dollar falls and world living standards catch up to ours that has to change.

          So I think it's a combination of things; mainly a widening of income inequalities, higher expectations for a basic middle class lifestyle, and the use of debt instead of rigidly living within one's means.  

          • I agree (0 / 0)

            I remember getting a dishwasher that had to be hooked up to the sink, and that was a luxury.  We used a laundromat until my parents saved for a washer and dryer.  We were surrounded by people whose circumstances were pretty similar to ours, so I don't think we felt poor or deprived.  

            It does seem like we're not as good at deferring gratification, as a group.

      • Well, our house is paid off. (0 / 0)

        Guess we're outside the norm as well.  That is something we intentionally tried to have done before the kids hit college age.  That's what makes us possible for us to offer them any help at all with college.

    • Your poor husband (0 / 0)

      It's a nightmare to me to think about about the real possibility that, especially with all the time I've lost in saving for retirement, that I could end up toiling until I die, like an ant.  There are those who say..."well, when the retirement age was set at 60 (or whatever), people weren't living as long."  But a) that's not necessarily true.  The average lifespan appears to have gone up because infant mortality and death from childhood illnesses has gone down.  Those who survive into adulthood are doing about the same.  b)  So what?  and c)  I think one could argue that, considering the fact that we have an unemployment rate, it might be beneficial for those who are older and tired of working to pass the torch.

      I'm glad I didn't get into the Craigslist thing, too, even though I feel a little bad.  I just got a bad feeling.  I didn't worry as much about what to do with Simone's things because I was planning on another, but now I'm 98% sure we're done.

  • MIL had this experience (0 / 0)

    She and my FIL scrimped and saved and managed to put away a very healthy nest egg while raising 6 kids in the 70's and 80's.  Then he died 3 years after retiring and she had to unload money in order to not take an enormous tax hit.  Lucky for her, 4 the 6 are nearly destitute.  DH and I spend incredible amounts of time and energy pinching pennies, but he internalized the lessons his parents taught- we manage to save well and have decent retirement.  Of course, our kids will still be paying off our student loans.

  • moving up slowly (0 / 0)

    What about you?  Does your cultural identity match your income?  What kind of judgments and preconceived notions do you hold?  How difficult do you think it is for people to break out of what they have been taught?

    I come from an unskilled blue collar background; my dad worked two jobs to afford a tiny house on railroad tracks in a town with crappy schools.  I got out via scholarship but still had to work to pay down college debt before I could enter grad student poverty.  Followed by a low paid training grant position.  I was 35 when I saw my first decent salary - but I hadn't even paid into the social security system by this point, so time to start aggressive retirement savings.

    We got lucky.  In addition to good jobs, the crappy fixer-upper we bought in the early part of the housing bubble translated into a nice house when we later moved "down-bubble".  We started our family late (40s) so we had a degree of financial security before the kids began to drain us, and my husband now makes enough for me to stay home comfortably.  We have more than my struggling parents could have imagined.

    But it's the mindset we bring with us that makes us feel rich on an upper middle class income (feeling rich on a true middle class income would be a challenge these days).  Looking around the room I see a mix of used furniture, hand-me-downs, and Ikea.  Our stripped down minivan - no power doors for us - was bought used, for cash.  We can afford a flat screen TV but that's a "someday" dream; the money goes into the college fund.  We talk about how we should upgrade our wardrobes, but except for a few business purchases for DH we never do.  Basic cable, cheap cellphones, etc, etc.

    My cultural identity is lower than our current income.  We wonder if we're too cheap.  People around us seem to have nicer things.  But we like what we have, and we have no debt aside from the mortgage. We have savings we can tap in an emergency, and can afford a few nicer things that are priorities for us.  Being cheap, while appreciating what we have, is what makes us rich.  

    There's a Dickens quote from David Copperfield I've seen on financial sites:  "Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure nineteen and six, result happiness; Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure twenty pounds ought and six, result misery."  I hope I never break out of what I've been taught.  I hope I can pass this on to my more privileged children.

    • I must have some of those sensibilities, too. (0 / 0)

      Its why I think I'm more comfortable living in my current neighborhood than I would be living in the slightly more expensive areas that we could realistically afford.

      Ofcourse, the fact that we have the self assuredness to  live this way might say something about our "cultural identity", too.  I've often found that those who are willing to do whatever it takes in order to have the "stuff" are often those who came from very different circumstances.  They feel the need to buy acceptance.

    • love that David Copperfield quote! (0 / 0)

      DH and I both come from families of scrimpers, so we're heavily into saving. I will always say that any measure of financial success I have now is because my folks picked up the other half of my tuition at BU (I went on scholarship) so that I could graduate debt-free. I don't know what DH and I would have done if I'd been saddled with what must have been more than $50k. Would we have been able to work overseas at all, when I was unemployed for 9 months in Paris and for a year in London? Foot the bill for my masters degree (DH's MBA was paid for by his work)? Save for the flat we had in London?

      I grew up in a household where short-term spending was always deferred. My parents were frugal, no two ways about it. Mortage, retirement savings, college funds, home improvements. It was all about the deferred savings in our house. So, yeah, it was socially rough being one of only a few kids in an affluent town to be rocking the Thrift Shop Chic long before it was "retro" or "vintage," but screw it - that sh*t doesn't matter in the long run.

      As a result, I've totally committed to paying for whatever post-secondary school course our child(ren) wish to pursue. I'd rather live in a two bedroom apartment and eat bean soup for the next ten years so that Jess can have the same freedom to do whatever she sets her heart to without fearing massive, five-figure debt when she's done.

      • A good reason to stay in Oz.... (0 / 0)

        Gotta love the cheap university education... I'd really  love my kids to go overseas to uni, but I can't imagine how we/they would afford it! And when I hear Australians complaining about their uni debt...I just want to laugh. The usual mindset is "But I'm Australian. I deserve it for free!"

  • mortgages (0 / 0)

    We're attempting to pay our mortgage off early. And I won't borrow more than a certain amount...I'm just not comfortable with it. But most of our friends have different mindsets. They are heavily in debt, but all the mortgages pay each other off (investment properties mostly). I don't think they'll ever be debt free...I just can't see how that works. I have to wonder if they're right and we're just too cautious...especially when our mortgage broker is advising us similarly.

  • If anyone is interested (0 / 0)

    in generational poverty or class, would you want to have a book discussion on Ruby Payne's "Hidden Rules of Class at Work" or "A Framework for Understanding Poverty" in a month or two?  Let me know if you're interested, and if so, which of the books you'd like to discuss.

    • I'm in for the Ruby Payne book (0 / 0)

      Sounds interesting. I focused on class in my master's of education - class. "cultural capital", and access to higher education.

      • I'll give it it's own post (0 / 0)

        later.  Do you have a preference as to which book, or do you have another suggestion?  Most of what I know on this subject I've learned either on the job or through a friend who has studied it, so I'm not as up on it as you are.

        • Hidden Rules of Class at Work (0 / 0)

          Hi Erin,

          After perusing the reviews at amazon, I think I would prefer this one. "Framework" focuses on schools, and "Hidden Rules" looks at the workplace, which I think is more general, in that we all have (or have had or will have :) jobs, and the other one sounds really specific for educators.

          I can't think of anything off the top of my head that we'd want to read from my grad school stuff - too wonky, too theoretical. These sound great. Thanks for putting the idea out there.

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